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125 of 186
Use of Augmented Reality as a Radiation-free Alternative in Pain Management Spinal Surgeries
Songyuan Lu, Jingwen Hui, Eric Lee, Darin Tsui, Farshad M Ahadian and Frank E Talke*
127 of 186
Revisit TBCK-A Pseudo Kinase or a True Kinase
Jin Wu and Jianjun Zhu
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Engineering Group Letter to Editor 文章编号: igmin237

Compatibility Analysis of Frequency Containment Reserve and Load Frequency Control Functions

Energy Systems ElectronicsAutomation and Control Systems DOI10.61927/igmin237
Ramūnas Deltuva *
Affiliation

Affiliation

    Ramūnas Deltuva, Department of Electrical Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu St. 48–236A, Kaunas, Lithuania, Email: [email protected]

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摘要

The study focuses on investigating the behavior of Electric Power Systems (EPS) during desynchronization from a synchronous area, its stability in island mode operation, and its synchronization with Continental Europe (CE). The primary aim is to ensure and maintain the stability and reliable operation of self–operating individual EPSs by analyzing the technical requirements and prequalification procedures for Frequency Containment Reserves (FCR) and Load Frequency Control (LFC) reserves.
The study employed numerical simulations to analyze the behavior of isolated EPSs after losing a certain amount of active power, to ensure reliable operation and avoid the effects of Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS). It examined the technical requirements for LFC reserve units, such as the ability to remain connected to the network during disturbances and provide necessary support. The research investigated the procedures for prequalifying reserve units to provide FCR and LFC services.
This investigation contributes to ensuring that EPSs operate reliably during desynchronization and that reserve providers meet the necessary technical and operational standards.

数字

Static frequency deviation/FCR activation example curves. Figure 1: Static frequency deviation/FCR activation example ...
FCR activation curve. Figure 2: FCR activation curve....
Frequency support in case of large over/under-frequency transients. Figure 3: Frequency support in case of large over/under-freq...
Management of the energy reservoir of an FCR-providing unit with LER. Figure 4: Management of the energy reservoir of an FCR-provi...

参考文献

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    5. Wang P, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Huang Y. Fractional–order load frequency control of an interconnected power system with a hydrogen energy–storage unit. MDPI Fractal Fract. 2024; 8(3): 126. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8030126.
    6. Almasoudi FM, Magdy G, Bakeer A, Alatawi KSS, Rihan M. A new load frequency control technique for hybrid maritime microgrids sophisticated structure of fractional–order PIDA controller. MDPI Fractal Fract. 2023; 7(6): 435. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7060435.
    7. Priyanka BM, Mathur P, Singh H, NairEM analysis of planar phased array–radome system for ground–based FCR applications. In Conf. Rec. 2018 IEEE Int Conf InCAP. 2018; doi: 10.1109/INCAP.2018.8770760.
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